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Method stub, in computer programming


A method stub or simply stub in software development is a piece of code used to stand in for some other programming functionality. A stub may simulate the behavior of existing code (such as a procedure on a remote machine) or be a temporary substitute for yet-to-be-developed code. Stubs are therefore most useful in porting, distributed computing as well as general software development and testing.
An example of a stub in pseudocode might be as follows:

BEGIN
       Temperature = ThermometerRead(Outside)
       IF Temperature > 40 THEN
            PRINT "It's HOT!"
       END IF
   END

BEGIN ThermometerRead(Source insideOrOutside)
        RETURN 28
   END ThermometerRead


The above pseudocode utilises the function ThermometerRead, which returns a temperature. While ThermometerRead would be intended to read some hardware device, this function currently does not contain the necessary code. SoThermometerRead does not, in essence, simulate any process, yet it does return a legal value, allowing the main program to be at least partly tested. Also note that although it accepts the parameter of type Source, which determines whether inside or outside temperature is needed, it does not use the actual value passed (argument insideOrOutside) by the caller in its logic.
A stub[1] is a routine that doesn't actually do anything other than declare itself and the parameters it accepts and returns something that is usually the values expected in one of the "happy scenarios" for the caller. Stubs are used commonly as placeholders for implementation of a known interface, where the interface is finalized/known but the implementation is not yet known/finalized. The stub contains just enough code to allow it to be compiled and linked with the rest of the program.

Test stub


In computer science, test stubs are programs which simulate the behaviors of software components (or modules) that are the depended upon modules of the module being tested.

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